R.E.N.A.L. Nephrometry Score

The R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score quantifies renal tumor size, location, and depth on CT/MRI to guide partial vs. radical nephrectomy decisions and predict surgical complexity.

Renal Artery Doppler Evaluation

Renal artery duplex ultrasound criteria for renal artery stenosis: PSV, renal-aortic ratio, acceleration time/index, and resistive index thresholds, with imaging findings and pitfalls.

Pyocele

Pyocele is a purulent scrotal fluid collection within the tunica vaginalis — an infected hydrocele. Ultrasound findings, causes, torsion mimics, and management for radiologists.

Pre-eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia imaging guide for radiologists: uterine artery Doppler screening, placental MRI T2* findings, PRES/eclampsia neuroimaging, and HELLP syndrome liver imaging, with PubMed-sourced references.

Varicocele

Varicocele imaging guide: ultrasound diagnostic thresholds, ESUR-SPIWG grading, reflux duration cutoffs, imaging anatomy, and differentials for radiologists.

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis imaging guide: striated nephrogram on CT, MRI/DWI findings, Huang-Tseng emphysematous pyelonephritis classification, XGP, and reporting pearls.

Choledochal Cyst

Choledochal cyst imaging guide: Todani classification, ultrasound/CT/MRCP findings, differential diagnosis, and malignancy risk for radiologists.

Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)

Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis): MRI and ultrasound findings radiologists need — CHL and capsular thickening, rotator interval fibrosis, staging, and key diagnostic thresholds.